Sunday, November 12, 2017

"Speaking in Tongues"

Speaking in tongues, why would I write on this subject when it is so controversial and divisive?  Will I not disappoint many of my brothers and sisters who would disagree with me? Doubtless, it will at least be thought, "Just another opinion that he should keep to himself, just stirring up strife."

Yet, should we not put as much light as possible upon the subject that we all may see more clearly?

There are many better-qualified expositors than myself that have explored this subject, I highly recommend you study their works. I will add some links as we conclude; they will take you to a few such sites that will guide you in a much deeper study than what we will cover here. My object is hopefully to stir you to explore the subject in more detail. I write feeling the weight of this doctrine resting upon my thoughts. I am compelled to write, not to win an argument or present myself wiser in understanding. I am compelled to write because I know firsthand how this doctrine can affect one's life. As one who practiced this belief for over 25 years, I have much vested in this doctrine. It is from this experience I understand how serious this teaching is, and the effect it can have.

Is it not the truth we all seek? Finding truth, is it not greater than our pride and personal beliefs? If truth is revealed, are we not foolish if we close our eyes? When I discover I am wrong, it is of greatest benefit to uncover that jewel and have it enrich my life. I pray you will not draw your sword as to enter battle but to use it to cut the weeds with me, that more light may be let in. I say these things because I know we are all fond of our doctrines, we are apt to rise up to defend them. I also understand many have built their ministries upon certain doctrines, to leave them would cost much. Maybe for some, too much.  That should bring some light to the seriousness of these issues.

I used to speak in tongues, I no longer do. In this post, I want to begin with why I did, discuss the effect, and conclude with why I do not. As we travel this course the Scripture will be our guide. With my greatest effort, I will try to speak of the Scripture, speaking no further than the Scripture themselves speak. May God give us understanding and love for one another.

I was introduced to the Gospel and saved, as we understand the term, at the age of 13. Over my teenage years and early 20's I was in and out of the Baptist church I was associated with. An inconsistent walk of finding things that appeared more fun than going to church, only over time to find a conviction of heart so strong as to compel me to return. The continuation of this cycle left me immature in my understanding of the Gospel and without a solid grounding for my faith.

In my late 20s, I was introduced to the Pentecostal beliefs, which had Word of Faith leaning for those who understand that term. These were wonderful people, who from my perspective had a greater excitement for the Gospel than I had known. They were people I had known most of my life, some had already been very influential in my youth. The preachers I encountered during this time were dynamic and spoke with confidence. I was given a view of Scripture I had not seen before which made me feel I was discovering something new. It was so different I was resistant at first but was becoming more and more intrigued with this new understanding. Many things were occurring in their services that were strange to me, but in this post, we will address only one.

I was introduced to the idea that there was a second work of the Holy Spirit that I yet had not experienced and it was accompanied by speaking in tongues. Being confronted with the idea that one should desire all that God has for oneself, I began to pursue this experience. My passion grew, the intensity of my efforts increased. I was able to look in the Bible and see this experience was indeed there, I came to wonder why all did not seek this experience. I was brought to understand they could if they would only seek it.

I really tried hard to understand what it was I was supposed to understand to be able to experience this. I went to special meetings and conferences and learned more about what I was to expect, what yielding to the Holy Spirit meant, and how I was to interpret that. I read books on it and the experiences of others to increase my understanding.

Finally, one day alone at work it happened, I managed to speak in a way that in my sincerity I believed I had spoken in tongues. I had been taught one could be baptized in the Holy Ghost and it could be some time before they could learn to yield to the Spirit and speak in tongues. This is not agreed upon in all Pentecostal churches, but this is what I was taught. I believed I had experienced this second benefit, I was now trying to learn to yield and speak in tongues. This time I achieved enough success to convince myself I had done just that. I announced I had and was considered now to be Spirit-filled. As I progressed and practiced this new language it became easier and more fluent. I even seemed to enjoy the experience as I felt spiritual while doing it and I could just let my mind go.

As many years passed and I continued to study the Bible, I noticed inconsistencies concerning this gift in the Scriptures. As I inquired about them from time to time I was given an answer that seemed to fit the understanding I had come to believe. But again and again, when I would come to those Scriptures, it just seemed something wasn't fitting. At first, I could just push it aside, it was just my lack of understanding. But as time progressed it became more and more important to me to understand it from the Scripture. You see, I understood it in the doctrine we were all taught, but I had not really comprehended what was actually being said in the Scripture. As I mentioned earlier there were many such things that occurred from time to time that brought things into question, the tongues were just one of them. The interpretation of those was another, I was told I needed to learn how to interpret tongues when they were given by someone else. When I asked how this was done I was told to just start speaking out in English whatever came to my mind and trust the Lord to do the rest. There was absolutely no such instruction in scripture, no way to verify or distinguish if the message was from God or if I had simply spoken out of my own mind. Everything was subjective and with every attempt to apply scripture to this practice of tongues and interpretation of tongues one was left with inferring meaning upon the text that simply was not there. 

Little by little over the years I began to question what I believed and why. I began to focus my prayers on a desire to know the truth, could it not be known from the Scriptures? I came to the point that I simply wanted to know the truth of the Scripture where ever that would lead me. I will be honest, I struggled for a long time wondering if that was even possible, for it seemed everyone I asked had a different view. It really did seem you could make the Bible say whatever you wanted it to. The result being, that you could never really know for sure. So if all this seems cloudy to you, I understand. There really are many voices in the world. So now you know why I spoke in tongues.

It is hard to know the full effect of this, for over so many years I spent countless hours practicing this gift. If nothing else, one benefit is that it drove me to examine it in the Scripture and discover what it was and why I should do it. The loss would be of course at the least the countless hours spent to no avail and the worst being, that I had unknowingly offered to God a pagan practice of worship. If it was not valid, all the time I witnessed that it was, and the times I testified of my experience would be very humbling to admit my foolishness. The misdirecting of my family and friends' incorrect form of worship, if I was wrong, would be a serious offense. So much was weighing upon me knowing the truth concerning this gift and others.

If you will follow me as we travel through the Scripture and discover why I do not now speak in tongues. One must first understand, which I did not, that the only guide for Christian Worship and practice is the Scripture. There simply is no other source. No one's experience, no one's vision, no voices heard from heaven, nothing but Scripture. (Gal 1:8  But though we, or an angel from heaven, should preach unto you any gospel other than that which we preached unto you, let him be anathema. NAS) You see, your experience of speaking in tongues may be completely different from mine, but none of our experiences is the measure. Many pagan religions today speak in ecstatic tongues (non-sensical sounds) and testify of some kind of experience, many times expressing peace and love. We are all emotional and physiological beings and we have experiences that influence us. For Worship and Christian practice, it must be the Scripture alone that guides us.

The first place tongues show up in the New Testament is Mark 16:17. As you will notice, most Bibles have a footnote stating these verses are not in the older manuscripts. Most scholars believe they were never in the original text but later added as a commentary to the text and over time as copies were made they got included. However, in this study, we will approach them as though they are more than commentary. (Mar 16:17  And these signs shall follow them that believe; In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues; KJV) Among other things, we are told those that believe will speak with new tongues. We need to come to terms with what this is. How we understand it will determine how we apply it. For now, this is all the information we have, but we can learn a few things here. First, tongues among other things will be a sign, second, the word translated tongues is glossa. It is used in Scripture to either refer to a language, or the tongue itself. Since we can be assured it's not talking about people receiving new tongues in their mouth and their old ones falling out, we must understand it to mean different languages. But are they human languages or spiritual languages? It would seem from this text human languages, for we have had no discussion of any other kind at this point. One thing I knew from speaking in tongues, I was not speaking in a human language. So this Scripture began to bother me.

The next place we encounter tongues is in Acts 2. (Act 2:4  And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. . . . Act 2:7  And they were all amazed and marvelled, saying one to another, Behold, are not all these which speak Galilaeans?
Act 2:8  And how hear we every man in our own tongue, wherein we were born?
Act 2:9  Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, and in Judaea, and Cappadocia, in Pontus, and Asia,
Act 2:10  Phrygia, and Pamphylia, in Egypt, and in the parts of Libya about Cyrene, and strangers of Rome, Jews and proselytes,
Act 2:11  Cretes and Arabians, we do hear them speak in our tongues the wonderful works of God. KJV)

The word tongues here is again glossa as in Mark 16, in Acts 2:8 the Greek word "dialektos" is also translated tongues, which is where we get our word dialect. This passage gives us much more information, in fact, it explains in such vivid detail it is unmistakable what is happening. As indicated in Mark 16, as a sign, they were speaking in the other languages and dialects they previously did not know, the languages of the people present. With Scripture as my guide this gave me much reason to have a concern, I concluded one thing for sure. Whatever happened here I had not experienced. At this point, I didn't exactly know what I was doing, but I knew it was not Acts chapter 2.

Then in (Act 10:46  For they heard them speak with tongues, and magnify God. Then answered Peter,
Act 10:47  Can any man forbid water, that these should not be baptized, which have received the Holy Ghost as well as we? KJV). Here glossa is again used, plus Peter identifies it as the same experience they had, so again they are speaking in other human languages.

Then (Act 19:6  And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the Holy Ghost came on them; and they spake with tongues, and prophesied. KJV) Again glossa is used, no other interpretation has been introduced so we must conclude it is still human languages. Any other interpretation simply is not allowed by the text.  

Now we move to the next mention of the gift which is 1 Corinthians 12. (1Co 12:10  The Spirit gives to one person the power to do miracles, to another the ability to prophesy, and to another the ability to judge what is from the Spirit and what is not. The Spirit gives one person the ability to speak in different kinds of languages, and to another the ability to interpret those languages. ERV) Here it is still clear what is being conveyed. The word is still glossa and the text is clear it is human language.  In 1 Corinthians 12:28 and 12:30, we are forced by the text to conclude the same thing.

The subject comes up again in Paul's writing in 1 Corinthians 14. Up to this point, the Scripture is very clear and comprehensive on the subject. I know what I had been doing is something other than what has been discussed so far. In Chapter 14 things get muddled, statements are made that seem somewhat unclear, even at times appearing to speak of a different kind of experience. It is here we must be ever so careful. For there are men who are excellent scholars and have studied for years on this subject who will find in these verses support for a different form of this gift, the form of which I was practicing it. So I speak to you with great humility when I bring myself to bare against the interpretation of men of such profound influence.

As we approach this chapter, let me clarify the doctrine of tongues as I previously understood it. 
There are (according to most Pentecostal circles) two kinds of tongues, those in Acts 2, 1 Corinthians 12, and those in 1 Corinthians 14. In Chapter 14 we are supposed to discover an ecstatic speech (non-sensical sounds), (glossolalia) not glossa (languages).  This glossolalia is considered to be a heavenly language that is non-human and must be interpreted to be understood. It is also useful as a prayer language as you can pray for things that only the Spirit knows and you do not understand. It is supposed to be useful as it builds you up in the spirit and is encouraged for your private time of devotion. It is this practice I engaged in for more than 25 years. So let us take a look at Chapter 14.

(1Co 14:2  I will explain why. Those who have the gift of speaking in a different language are not speaking to people. They are speaking to God. No one understands them—they are speaking secret things through the Spirit. ERV) The Kings James Version uses unknown tongues for language, the word unknown is in italics indicating it is not in the original Greek but was added by translators to help clarify what they thought was the meaning. To be fair, you can see where one could understand this to mean an ecstatic language (non-sensical sounds). The phrase "speaks not to men but unto God", "no one understands", and "he speaks mysteries or secrets through the Spirit" all give you that impression. So let us say at this point it at least could mean that. That would not be good hermeneutics of Bible interpretation, but we will go with it for now. Later, when considering the other texts, one can understand this as a person speaking another human language, which as later mentioned, with no interpreter present, no one would understand what was being said but God, it would be a mystery or secret to everyone else.

(1Co 14:4  Those who speak in a different language are helping only themselves. But those who prophesy are helping the whole church. ERV) This is where the idea that praying in an unknown tongue is encouraged for it is so beneficial to one's spiritual growth. But Paul was not encouraging one to edify oneself, he was correcting the practice to edify the Church. Don't confuse the word prophesy here to only mean telling of future events. The Greek definition allows for the meaning of speaking under inspiration, simply preaching the Gospel of the Kingdom. That is the most common usage of the word unless determined otherwise by the context of the text itself. It is the preaching of the Gospel that edifies the Church.  

(1Co 14:5  I would like all of you to have the gift of speaking in different languages. But what I want more is for you to prophesy. Anyone who prophesies is more important than those who can only speak in different languages. However, if they can also interpret those languages, they are as important as the one who prophesies. If they can interpret, then the church can be helped by what they say. ERV)

In the text above it seems we are moving back to the Acts 2 mode. The plurality of the text seems to move from an ecstatic speech (non-sensical sounds) to a variety of identifiable languages that could be understood and interpreted. It becomes a little more difficult to see glossolalia in this verse rather than glossa, especially since glossa is always used in these texts.

Paul continues his discourse using examples of sounds that have certain meanings. Music played without order is just noise, alarms that are unknown are useless. All through this discourse, he is pointing to distinct sounds with meanings. He states His gift of tongues is greater than theirs, but he would rather speak 5 words that can be understood than thousands that cannot be understood in the church.

(1Co 14:18  I thank God that my gift of speaking in different kinds of languages is greater than any of yours.
1Co 14:19  But in the church meetings I would rather speak five words that I understand than thousands of words in a different language. I would rather speak with my understanding, so that I can teach others. ERV) It is here the idea is conceived for a private prayer language, for if Paul speaks in tongues more than they all, but he does not do it in Church, where is he doing it? In his private time, it is concluded. And if we want to be like Paul, we will speak in tongues a lot in our private time. But this is impressed upon the Scripture by conjecture, it is not implied. He could be referring to the use of the gift on his missionary journeys preaching in the languages of the people he encountered. If others were present who knew not the language he was speaking, an interpreter would speak for him so all would understand and hear the Gospel of the Kingdom preached. That scenario is directly implied by the scripture context.

       
Are you confused yet? If not, you really should be, and that is where most of the Church is today. So what are we to do? Good hermeneutics of Bible interpretation is to understand that the Scripture is literally God-breathed. All we need for faith and doctrine are contained in its volumes. In areas where the text seems to be unclear, it is clarified in the other passages that address the same subject more extensively. Because of the perspicuity of scripture, we can be assured that a doctrine will not be introduced in ambiguity leaving us unsure and in doubt about a matter of practice or application. To find ourselves in such a fashion is a sign we are off-center.

Do you realize the only books that address this subject are Mark, Acts, and Corinthians? We have looked at all three. There is nowhere else for us to go, this is what we have been given. The text we have looked at leaves us with no misunderstanding in the least of details concerning what it was and how it was implemented. We become confused in Chapter 14 because we try to impress upon the text some understanding and practice that we have not previously been given. In doing that we invoke much confusion into the body of Christ. Do you realize if we place the understanding upon chapter 14 that we clearly and concisely have gathered from the previous text of Scripture, there is no confusion at all?

As I mentioned earlier, I was taught when someone speaks in a tongue, if I were to interpret it I should just speak out what comes into my mind. But we have no such instruction in Scripture, the Scripture instructs that if there is no interpreter (implying one would know that he is there) he is not to speak in a language not known. If there is an interpreter, it is implied he will not speak what comes to his mind, but will indeed understand the words themselves, and thereby be able to accurately convey to the people what has been said. We must remember here, that the gift of tongues is for a sign, a sign to authenticate and validate the message of the Apostles.

The practice of Speaking in tongues as we know it today in our Pentecostal and Charismatic Churches has no Scriptural support whatsoever. You must first impress upon the Scripture text an interpretation that Scripture does not give, and then completely disregard the instruction given in Chapter 14 concerning the rules of application of the gift if it were in operation.

You may be ready now to draw your sword and defend your doctrine, but your blade is dull. You cannot sharply define your doctrine in Scripture without ambiguity. You will impress upon certain verses an interpretation in which it seems it may be leaning, yet you will have no place to go to enforce it. If you insist to fight to the death, I will leave you with your battle. I no longer speak in an unintelligible speech and define it as tongues. I let the Scripture define what the gift of tongues is, and it defines it as language, the dialects of human languages.

The Scripture is so amazingly powerful and wise. Even if one defines tongues as a prayer language and ecstatic speech (non-sensical sounds), when practiced as Paul instructed in 1 Corinthians 14, most of our confusion in this area would still be removed. (1Co 14:27  When you meet together, if anyone speaks to the group in a different language, it should be only two or no more than three people who do this. And they should speak one after the other. And someone else should interpret what they say.
1Co 14:28  But if there is no interpreter, then anyone who speaks in a different language should be quiet in the church meeting. They should speak only to themselves and to God. . . . 1Co 14:33  God is not a God of confusion but a God of peace. This is the rule for all the meetings of God's people. ERV)

These instructions are not Paul's suggestions, they are commands of our Lord and must be obeyed to the best of our ability. (1Co 14:37  If you think you are a prophet or that you have a spiritual gift, you should understand that what I am writing to you is the Lord's command. ERV). Yet, I have never seen these commands seriously applied in a single service where I was in attendance and the gift of tongues was supposedly manifested. These things ought not to be.

It is our own disobedience to Scripture that is causing the division and confusion within the body. It is the insistence on our own interpretation instead of the sufficiency of Scripture that keeps us at odds. We wonder why there are so many different denominations within the Church and do not see it as our own sin feeding and sustaining them. I do not mean to be divisive, but the reality is, that this is causing confusion and the Scriptures hold the answer. I implore you, to walk where the Scripture is clear, and avoid the ambiguity of private interpretations.

Conclusion: The Scripture defines what tongues are, their purpose, and their proper mode of practice in precise detail. Their function and example are seen in practice by the early church in Scripture.  The practice of ecstatic speech (non-sensical sounds) and prayer language is defined only by conjecture upon a few Scriptures and their function and example are seen in practice nowhere in Scripture. You may have had a real experience of some kind, but we are called to obey the Word and sound Doctrine. Hindu and Morman as well as other pagan religions speak in this ecstatic language and relate spiritual experiences they encounter while doing it. We cannot and must not preach our experiences. This brings us to the understanding that the so-called Apostolic gifts we see practiced today in Pentecostal and Charismatic churches are not the Apostolic gifts demonstrated in scripture. Those Apostolic gifts cease to function in the Church during or soon after the 1st Century and still cannot be found in the church today. Perhaps at some point God will again give such gifts to the church, he has that prerogative, however, it is not suggested we should expect it.
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